gotcha; alrighty; got it; OK
opening (of a new road, railway, etc.); going into operation (e.g. telephone communication); beginning services; reopening (e.g. a road to traffic); resumption of services
thank you for your hard work; good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
beginning; outset; first; onset
how many years; how long; what year
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
getting (something); obtaining; scoring (goal, point, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve