indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
after that; afterwards; thereafter
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
guy; fellow; chap; bastard; asshole; arsehole
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
name; given name; first name
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
unclear; obscure; unknown; unidentified; ignorance; lack of wisdom
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
true character; true form; true colors (colours); consciousness; one's senses
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to carry off; to run away with; to sweep away; to take entirely for oneself; to monopolize
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
useless; no future in it; doesn't make sense; having no point
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment
anyway; anyhow; at any rate; in any case
to smash; to crush; to shut down; to put out of business; to wreck; to break; to butcher
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
destination; whereabouts; future; prospects