indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to succeed (a person, to a position, etc.); to inherit; to patch (clothes); to mend; to add (e.g. charcoal to the fire); to replenish with
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wishes of a deceased person; dying wish
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
trouble; bother; trouble; difficulty; care; attention
habit (often a bad habit, i.e. vice); tendency; peculiarity; idiosyncrasy; crease; wrinkle
declining; refusal; rejection; announcement; notice
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
prey; catch; kill; spoils; trophy; loot
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
providence; luck; favor; favour; advantage
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
eighth day of the month; eight days
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
association; society; organization; organisation
headquarters; head office; main office
multi-floor building; multi-storey building; bill
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
president (of a society); chairman
general election (of the lower house)
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
to decide; to determine; to establish; to lay down; to bring peace (to); to make peaceful
by means of; due to; because of; according to