indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
counter for small animals; counter for rolls of cloth (two han in size); (arch.) counter for horses; roll of cloth
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
shooting (a ball); shot (on basket, at goal, etc.); shoot (of a tree or plant); chute; shuuto; shootball
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
elevator; lift; elevator (aviation)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
by means of; due to; because of; according to
corridor; hallway; passageway
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
incompetence; inefficiency; inability; incompetent person