opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
rate; ratio; profit; assignment; 10%; unit of ten percent; match
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
purple; violet; Lithospermum erythrorhizon (species of gromwell); type of soy sauce
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
the five cardinal Confucian virtues (justice, politeness, wisdom, fidelity and benevolence)
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
simple; plain; uncomplicated; straightforward; simple-minded; naive
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
with all one's strength; with all one's might
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
individual; one by one; separate; each
self-confidence; confidence (in oneself)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to lick; to lap; to taste; to experience (esp. a hardship); to look down on (someone); to make fun of
gaining time; stalling for time; time-buying
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to get tired of; to lose interest in; to be fed up with; to have enough
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result