indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
older sister; lass; young lady
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae); Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger); hollyhock
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
quiet (place); still; silent; inconspicuously; modestly; quietly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
in that way; thus; so; so?
decision; determination; resolution
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
to take off; to jump; to take the plunge; to decide; to step out of the ring
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
embarrassing; embarrassed; ashamed; disgraceful; shameful
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
such; this sort of; like this
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
passage (of people, traffic); passing; common usage
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to make noise; to make racket; to rustle; to swoosh; to make merry; to clamor; to clamour
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
madder (esp. Japanese madder, Rubia argyi); madder (red color)
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
presence of other people; (in) public; (in) front of others