honorific/polite/humble prefix
two persons; two people; pair; couple
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to take someone (to some place); to take someone along; to lead someone away
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
cloth; bujian (spade-shaped bronze coin of ancient China)
to remain; to be left over; to be in excess; to be too many
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
princess; spoiled girl; hothouse flower; glue
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
rag; scrap; fault (esp. in a pretense, pretence); defect; run-down; shabby
than; from; out of; except; but; more
better; preferable; more; increase; (arch.) increase; (arch.) growth
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
to like; to be pleased with; to be delighted with; to take a liking to; to suit one's fancy
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
tool; implement; means; furniture
to lend; to loan; to rent out; to hire out
to collect; to gather; to arrange; to put in order; to make uniform; to make even
and; thereupon; because of that
bothersome; tiresome; bother to do
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
troublesome; difficult (e.g. customer, guest, child); laborious (e.g. task, dinner)