let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
direction; way; point of the compass; cardinal direction; method; means
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
green; greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
extent; scope; sphere; range; span
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hit (a person); to strike; to beat; to deliver (a speech); to give (an address)
to hit; to expose; to apply (e.g. patch); to put on; to allot; to call on someone (e.g. in class); to guess (an answer)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
direction; orientation; bearing; course (e.g. of action)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
farsightedness; far-sightedness; hyperopia; hypermetropia; long-sightedness
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
comfort; ease; easy; simple; (economically) comfortable; raku pottery
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to be helpful; to be useful
adds force or indicates command
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
princess; daughter of a nobleman