commander; general; leader
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
wife; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); trimmings; accompaniment; side (remark)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period (Chinese history)
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
-less; lacking; non-existing
existence; being; presence
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
honesty; sincerity; trust; reliance; (religious) faith; devotion
now; the present time; just now; another; more
historical; traditional; historic
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
Qin dynasty (of China; 221-207 BCE); Ch'in dynasty
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
single combat; duel; one-on-one fight
fate; destiny; connection; tie; pretext; justification
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
the six elements (earth, water, fire, wind, void, and consciousness)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself