from the standpoint of; from the viewpoint of; on; above; the best; top
to separate; to part; to divide; to keep apart
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
massacre; annihilation; wholesale slaughter
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
both armies; both teams; both sides
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to mark the end; to spell the end
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
warfare; the maelstrom of war; disorder brought about by war
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; pile of 3 cards of the same value in oicho-kabu
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
throughout; over a period of ...; over a span of ...
to blow violently; to sweep over; to devastate
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
countries; (various) nations
seven; seven years of age; four o'clock (old time system)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
weeding out; elimination (e.g. of unneeded employees); culling; selection
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
now; the present time; just now; another; more
end; extremity; limit; result; outcome; upshot
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
Qin dynasty (of China; 221-207 BCE); Ch'in dynasty
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence