indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
house; one's house; one's home; one's family
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
transfer student; student changing schools
sweat; perspiration; moisture; condensation; gulp; oops
stinking; smelly; suspicious; fishy; clumsy; unskilled
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
great difference; major mistake
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
suffix for familiar person
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
outline; main points; generally; on the whole; general; rough
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
baseball club (at a university, corporation, etc.); baseball team
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become