(animal) collar; necklace; choker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
cancellation; rescinding; release; calling off; lifting (sanctions); delisting
method; process; manner; way; means; technique
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic; to hurry; to rush; to hasten
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to the end; to the bitter end; to the last; after all; it must be remembered; only
potentiality; likelihood; possibility; availability
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
centre; center; middle; capital; seat of government
public square; square; plaza; open space; clearing
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
market (financial, stock, domestic, etc.); marketplace; exchange; (street) market
caravan; group of people touring to sell, investigate, etc.
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
black magic; sorcery; magic tricks; juggling
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
I see; that's right; indeed
treatment; service; handling (of a machine, tool, etc.); operation; treating as; treating like
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to get information out of a person; to begin listening
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't you think?; indicates question
now; the present time; just now; another; more
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question