here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
mostly; nearly; practically; well-nigh; almost invariably; all but
the whole day; all the day
throughout; over a period of ...; over a span of ...
misunderstanding; mistaken idea; wrong guess
of course; certainly; naturally
left and right; right and left; (asserting) control; influence; one's attendants; people accompanying one
reverse; opposite; converse (of a hypothesis, etc.); inverse (function)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
inside out; upside down; flip side; opposite; contrary
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
difference; variation; difference
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
won't; hasn't; isn't; won't you
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
scenery; scene; landscape; scene (e.g. of a crime)
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
anyhow; anyway; somehow or other; apart from ...; setting ... aside
to concern; to be related
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
wing; Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (arch.) counter for birds or bird wings
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
Golden Week (early-May holiday season in Japan)
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)