indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
subhuman; demi-human; Argentinian (person); (arch.) American (person)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
to repeat; to do something over again
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
enterprise; business; company; corporation
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to crack down on (e.g. crime, corruption); to deal a crushing blow to; to bring down the hammer on
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
genuine; authentic; true; real
board of directors; board of directors' meeting
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
president (of a society); chairman
room; wife (of someone of high rank); scabbard; Chinese "Encampment" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; to (e.g. "winning a game five to three"); equal footing
sub-; -ous (indicating a low oxidation state); -ite; Asia; Argentina; Arabia; America
line of defence (defense); lines (as in enemy lines, etc.)
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
storey; story; stairs; stage (in chronostratigraphy); counter for storeys and floors of a building
to lurk; to be hidden; to be concealed; to lie dormant; to be latent
fixtures; furnishings; equipment
how; in what way; how about
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
capture (of enemy territory); taking (by storm); defeating (an opponent); attacking (a problem) strategically
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
incomplete understanding; doubt; question; distrust; suspicion; strangeness
rolling stock; railroad cars; wheeled vehicles
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
securing; obtaining; ensuring; belay; belaying