Kanto region (incl. Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, Gunma, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Chiba prefectures)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
turning into a cooler state; cooling down
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
much more; still more; single layer (or storey, etc.); (arch.) rather; (arch.) sooner
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
genuine; real; full-scale; full-blown; full-fledged; professional
arrival; coming (e.g. something awaited); advent
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
painful; difficult; distressing; (psychologically) difficult; straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation)
yuki-onna (spirit in Japanese folklore); snow woman
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
strangeness; abnormality; disorder
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
spirit power; magical power
save; checking; curbing; suppressing
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
to give up all thoughts of; to abandon; to despair of; to make up one's mind; to take a momentous decision
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to collect; to gather; to save; to accumulate; to pile up
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
what's the best thing to do?; what to do?
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not