that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
(one's) superior; (one's) boss; the higher-ups
to recommend (someone to do); to advise; to recommend (a book, someone for a position, etc.); to suggest; to offer (a drink, cigarette, seat, etc.)
to refuse; to reject; to inform; to give notice; to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
suspicious; dubious; doubtful; unsure; untrustworthy; unreliable; strange
shallow playboy; frivolous lad; good-time Charlie
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
slight intoxication; being tipsy
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
book lover; lover of books; bibliophilism; love of books
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
elementary school student; primary school student; grade school student
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.); to fill the room (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be muffled (e.g. voice); to hold (a castle, fortress, etc.)
to ill-treat; to bully; to torment; to be tough on (e.g. one's body); to treat harshly
to take refuge in; to succeed in running away
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to tease; to make fun of; to poke fun at; to make a crack about; to chaff; to kid
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
senior high school; high school
when it becomes; when it comes to
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
look here; I say; well; I know what; I'll tell you what; just a minute
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
parent; parents; dealer (in cards, mahjong, etc.); banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
trouble; hardship; difficulty; anxiety; worry; concern