supporter (e.g. wrist supporter); athletic supporter; jockstrap; supporter (esp. of soccer); backer
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
provision; supply; payment; allowance; grant
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
control (of a machine, device, etc.); control (over an opponent, one's emotions, etc.); governing; management
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
on the occasion of; circumstances; juncture
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
corresponding to (in meaning, function, etc.); being equivalent to; appropriate; suitable; to be proportionate to; to be in keeping with
to prove successful; to take hold; to amount to something
provocation; stirring up; arousal; excitement; stimulation
play; recreation; play (theatre); performance; staging; praying
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
fellow; mutual; companion; comrade
collision; crash; running into; conflict; quarrel; clashing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
opposition; resistance; antagonism; reverse; opposite; inverse
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to play a dirty trick; to use underhanded methods; to hit below the belt; to play foul
cowardly; craven; unfair; mean; sneaky
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial