indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
(United States of) America; United States; US; America (land mass); the Americas
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
land mine; topic that sets someone off; sensitive topic; something that seems fine at first but turns out to be very bad (e.g. product, business); booby trap
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
ball; ball (pitch that falls outside of the strike zone); bowl; board (cardboard, pasteboard, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
representative; representation; delegation; switchboard number; main number
match; game; bout; contest
dad; daddy; papa; pa; pop
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
adds force or indicates command
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
how; in what way; how about
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
true character; true form; true colors (colours); consciousness; one's senses
player (of a sport); athlete; team member