next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryo system)
war; battle; match; game; competition
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to proceed though deadlocked; to be carried over (e.g. to next meeting); to go into a shootout (e.g. sport)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
pushing forward (undaunted, bravely); working vigorously towards an aim; struggling on; striving towards
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
corresponding to (in meaning, function, etc.); being equivalent to; appropriate; suitable; to be proportionate to; to be in keeping with
special training; intensive training; crash course
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although