(one's) older brother; young man; sonny; lad
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
with a (cry of) "ah!"; with a shout (of surprise, shock, etc.); in surprise; in astonishment
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
end; close; conclusion; termination
Japanese representative; Japanese delegate; Japanese delegation
versus; against; to (e.g. score of 4 to 2, ratio of 3 to 1, vote of 320 to 180); toward ...; to ...; equal footing
representation; representative; exemplification; typification; leader; switchboard number
match; game; bout; contest
close contest; close match; close game; close combat
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
to go to the next stage (after failing to reach a conclusion); to be carried over (e.g. to the next meeting); to go into (a run-off, overtime, extra innings, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
to run away; to flee; to avoid (a question, responsibility, etc.); to evade; to win without being overtaken; to hold off the other contenders (until the finish)
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
alone; by oneself; on one's own
assessment of the situation; judging according to the situation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
danger; peril; hazard; risk
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow