indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
cornerstone; main point; requirement; need; necessary; required
phoenix (bird of Egyptian mythology); phoenix (any palm tree of genus Phoenix, incl. the date palm)
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
uroboros; ouroboros (image of a serpent or dragon swallowing its own tail)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
research establishment; research institute; laboratory
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
than; from; out of; except; but; more
pursuit (of a fleeing enemy); chase
independently; individually; separately; alone; singlehanded; unassisted
permission; approval; authorization; to permit; to authorize
at once; immediately; right away; directly (face, lead to, etc.); automatically (mean, result in, etc.)
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
a little; a bit; somewhat; slightly; rather
council (consultatory, advisory); board of trustees
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
friend; ally; supporter; taking sides with; supporting; standing by