indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
honorific/polite/humble prefix
name; given name; first name
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
suffix for familiar person
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
Lord; Highness; (arch.) you
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
having in mind; happening to know of; idea
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
(brother and sister) born of a different mother
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be needed; to be wanted
look here; I say; well; I know what; I'll tell you what; just a minute
in that way; thus; so; so?
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to be in time (for); to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
elder sister; effeminate man