thank you for waiting; sorry to have kept you waiting
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
number; edition; sobriquet; pen-name; size (of printing types, canvases, knitting needles, etc.); suffix attached to names of ships, trains, airplanes, etc.
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
puzzling; tangled; complicated; complex
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
than; from; out of; except; but; more
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
prescribed; designated; appointed; fixed
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
time; hour; period; class
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
next; hypo- (i.e. containing an element with low valence); order; sequence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
adversary; opposition; hostile forces
to knock down; to shoot down; to lop off
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
by means of; due to; because of; according to
accident; incident; trouble; circumstances; reasons
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
to turn over; to turn upside down; to knock over; to tip over; to overturn (e.g. a decision); to upset
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back