indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
development; exploitation
artificial intelligence; AI
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
knowing; (an) acquaintance
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
up to now; so far; traditional; conventional; usual
specialized AI; specialised AI
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
accumulation; accumulate; store
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
law-like nature; regularity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to find out; to discover; to select; to pick out; to look out (from the inside); to be wide-eyed (in surprise, anger, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
corporate activities; business operations
optimization; optimisation
support; backing; aid; assistance
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
(some) more; even more; longer; further
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
television; TV; TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast
paper medium; print medium (as opposed to other media)
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
to fly about; to flutter about; to flit about; to fly past each other
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
to strain (one's ears, eyes); to prick up (one's ears)
huge; vast; enormous; swelling; expansion
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
to read and understand; to take in; to sense from external cues; to read (someone's) mind; to read (calibration, tape, etc.); to scan (bar code)
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
your company; your shrine
offer; tender; providing; sponsoring (a TV program)