indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
until now; so far; up to the present
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
to break; to be broken; to be folded; to give in; to back down; to turn (a corner)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be disheartened; to lose heart; to be sprained; to be snapped; to be broken
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
bad feeling; feeling bad; disagreeable; unpleasant; revolting; gross
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to turn; to revolve; to visit several places; to function well; to pass a certain time
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question