Your Majesty; His Majesty; Her Majesty
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Senior Grand Tutor (senior-most of the top three civil positions of the Zhou Dynasty); Grand Minister; Chancellor of the Realm
(metropolitan) prefecture (of Osaka and Kyoto); the centre or seat (of) (center); (government) office; fu; historical administrative unit in China, Korea and Vietnam
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
in comparison to; rather than
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
complexion; one's colour; one's color; countenance; expression; one's face
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
(not) anywhere; nowhere; everywhere; anywhere
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
to be broken; to break; to fall through; to come to nothing
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
fox (esp. the red fox, Vulpes vulpes); fox (i.e. a sly person); soba or udon topped with deep-fried tofu; light brown; golden brown
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
to be caught; to be captured; to be taken prisoner; to be seized with (fear, etc.); to be a slave to; to stick to
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(animal) feed; fodder; pet food; bait; lure; enticement
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
Zhou dynasty (China, approx. 1046-256 BCE); Chou dynasty; perimeter; counter for laps or circuits
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
still; yet; more; still more; as ...; like ...
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward