please (give me); please (do for me)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
answer; reply; response; answer; solution; result
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
videotape recorder; VTR; video recording; pre-recorded video shown during a television programme
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
incredible; unbelievable; terrific; impressive
heh-heh; hee-hee; ha ha; (arch.) female genitals; (arch.) vagina; (arch.) vulva
suit (clothing); suit (playing cards)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
beast (i.e. any animal other than man); person reborn into the animal realm; brute (i.e. a contemptible human being); damn it; damn
entrance; front door; entryway; entranceway; entry hall; vestibule
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
apiece; each; at a time; piecemeal
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
leader; reader; reading book; reader (i.e. someone who reads); microreader; dotted line (in printing)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
in that way; thus; so; so?
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah