huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to wash; to cleanse; to inquire into; to investigate; to purify (one's heart); to lave (e.g. shore)
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
tool; means; ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.
evil; wickedness; (role of) the villain (in theatre, etc.); the bad guy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
stamina; endurance; physical strength; strength of an organization (e.g. profitability, productivity, economic clout, stability, growth potential)
to become weak; to decline; to wear; to abate; to decay; to wither
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to behave; to conduct oneself; to entertain; to treat someone (to a drink); to make tea for someone (tea ceremony)
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)