here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
condition; state; health; state (of health); way; manner
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about; questionable
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
rice gruel containing vegetables, fish, etc., and seasoned with miso or soy sauce
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
complexion; one's colour; one's color; countenance; expression; one's face
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
certain; sure; doubtless; I have no doubt; You can depend on it; It's a safe bet
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
(medical) doctor; physician
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
in that way; thus; so; so?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use