indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
ancestral spirit; collective of ancestral spirits which have lost their individualities; ancestor deified as a kami; spirit of a kami
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
area within a window or GUI display
cold; chill; cold weather; cold wave; cold air
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
perfect; complete; flawless
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
particle used to indicate the speaker's hope, desire, wish, etc. (e.g. "it would be nice if ...", "I wish there were ...", etc.); emphatic particle; particle adding uncertainty
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
trump card; ace up one's sleeve; secret weapon
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
incredible; unbelievable; terrific; impressive