cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
saving (e.g. time, money, resources); economising; economizing
command; order; dictation; nth year in the Reiwa era (May 1, 2019-)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
people; men and women; each person; everybody
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
rule; domination; direction; management; control (of one's destiny, public opinion, etc.); governing
clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, puffs of a cigarette, etc.
god; deity; god-tier; incredible; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
body and soul; mind and body
to freeze; to become frozen; to freeze over
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
kotatsu; table over an electric heater, with a hanging quilt to retain heat (orig. over a charcoal brazier in a floor well)
snugly; cosily; carefree; easily; freshly made and still warm; imprudently
medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); in; within; during; while; currently (doing)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
both (people); the two of them
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; operation; moving picture
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
business trip; official trip
exhausted; worn out; battered (esp. of clothing); worn out; (boiling) to a pulp; to a mash
squeak; cheep; slurp; sucking noisily; mouse
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
in preparation (for); in case (of); in the lead-up (to)
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to earn (income); to make (money); to score (points, victory); to gain (time); to work hard (at one's job); to labor
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis