medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); in; within; during; while; currently (doing)
space; air; midair; (from) memory; (by) heart
gold (metal); gold (color); gold (medal); first place (prize); something of great value; something golden (e.g. silence); money
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pitch (e.g. in baseball); pile (of noodles, etc.)
first class; first rank; one degree; one level; most; best
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
hot spring; onsen; hot spring resort; hot spring spa
travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
mother; mom; wife; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she
I'm off (and will be back later); see you later; to go (and then come back)
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you; you shouldn't have; it's too much
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to remain; to be left over; to be in excess; to be too many
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
wasteful; a waste; too good; more than one deserves; impious; profane
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
taste; elegance; appearance; air; the likes of ...; lowly people such as ...