to be surprised; to be amazed; to be frightened; surprise (e.g. surprise party)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
mochi; (sticky) rice cake
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(at) the beginning of the New Year; early in the New Year
errand; mission; messenger; bearer; familiar spirit
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you for your hard work; I appreciate your efforts
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out; to be away from (e.g. one's house); to leave (temporarily); to dawn
congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!; all the best!
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
in that way; thus; so; so?
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to love; to cherish; to admire; to appreciate
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
beginning of the year; early in the New Year
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
New Year's gift (usu. money given to a child by relatives and visitors)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
enforcement; implementation; putting into practice; carrying out; operation; working (e.g. working parameters)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend