jpdb beta

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

6

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

7

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

3

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

6

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

6

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

5

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

4

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

5

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)

3

indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very

4

hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo

5

to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen

2

thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work

1

to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed

1

that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you

2

to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing

1

right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?

5

this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")

1

to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding

1

but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...

1

don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...

2

to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

1

you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...

2

the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...

2

I; me

1

good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

3

this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence

4

to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience

3

to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk

1

now; soon; already; yet; further; more

1

such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!

2

yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's

1

such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o

1

to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case

1

is not; am not; are not; isn't it?

3

what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest

2

also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise

1

to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)

1

-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now

1

no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all

1

a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily

1

and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...

1

place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point

1

but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that

1

to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last

1

what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few

1

I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that

1

to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend

1

that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)

1

conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation

1