number; edition; sobriquet; pen-name; size (of printing types, canvases, knitting needles, etc.); suffix attached to names of ships, trains, airplanes, etc.
line; stripe; line (e.g. telephone line); wire; ray (e.g. X-ray); beam; line (e.g. of a railroad)
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
avenue; boulevard; tree-lined street
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
road approaching a shrine
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in
main shrine; inner sanctuary
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to face; to go towards; to head towards
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
elevation; height above sea level
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
metre; meter; meter; gauge
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
winding; meandering; sinuous; zigzag
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
inter-scholastic athletics competition
first day (e.g. at work, school); day one
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)