you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pick up; to find; to gather
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
neck; head; dismissal; discharge
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to be added to; to be appended; to join in (e.g. a group of friends); to participate; to increase (e.g. heat); to gain in (e.g. influence)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
shop; store; somebody who sells (something) or works as (something); somebody with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates uncertainty or second hand nature of information quoted
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
don't you think?; indicates question
to call for somebody; to come for someone; to pick someone up
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
to catch; to capture; to grasp (e.g. meaning); to perceive; to captivate; to move (one's heart)