indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to draw back; to sink; to be set back (e.g. from a road); to withdraw (e.g. from the public eye); to retire to (somewhere)
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
such; like that; that sort of; very
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
middle of summer; height of summer; midsummer
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
carriage; poise; bearing; demeanor; movement (of the body)
motor nerve; reflexes; athletic ability; motor coordination
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
absurd; unreasonable; extreme; senseless; disorderly; chaotic
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.