some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
pinch; crisis; tough spot; clothespin
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
tune; tone; vein; mood; condition; state of health
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
club activities; extracurricular activities
(some) more; even more; longer; further
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
head of the student council; president of the student council
a line; a streak; one item (in an itemized form); one clause; one matter (affair, event, case, incident); (arch.) the same logic
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
life; living; I; me; student
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
president (of a society); chairman
to take over; to hand over
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question