indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
revival (of an old system, custom, fashion, etc.); restoration; return; resurrection; rebirth
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
one o'clock; once; at one time; for a time; for a while; a time
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
they; those guys; those fellows
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to beat; to attack (an enemy); to do away with; to finish off
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
can be; can exist; can stay; cannot help but ...
then; well; so; well then
to choose; to select; to pick (out)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to watch to the end; to ascertain; to determine; to know thoroughly; to obtain a deep understanding of
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); asterisk; star (actor, player, etc.); dot; spot
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
god; deity; god-tier; incredible; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
to copy; to imitate; to counterfeit; to forge
people; citizens; subjects; folk
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
wisdom; intelligence; sagacity
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
apple (fruit); apple tree (Malus pumila)