to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
five; five years of age; eight o'clock (old time system)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
do-or-die game; crucial contest
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
rock-paper-scissors (game); janken
life or death struggle; mortal combat; struggle to the death
conclusion; decision; end; settlement
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
scissors (in rock-paper-scissors)
three flat objects (sheets of paper, pieces of cloth, etc.)
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
electric noticeboard; electric scoreboard; electric bulletin board
numeral; figure; digit; numeric character
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you