why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
village festival; autumn festival; harvest festival
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
in short; the point is; the important thing is; in a word; basically
old furniture; curios; secondhand goods
sacrifice sale; bargain sale; discount sale; energetically touting goods while reducing price bit by bit
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
extreme; ultra; mega; damn; stupid; cursed
boo! (sound used to scare someone); ugh (dissatisfaction, aggravation); ulp (consternation)
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
junk; rubbish; trash; garbage; odds and ends
approximately; about; only; nothing but; just (finished, etc.)
to sell (well); to be well known; to be popular; to be famous
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to sell; to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.); to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself; to pick (a fight, quarrel, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
leading a meeting; presiding over a meeting; officiating at a ceremony; chairman; presenter; host
to choose; to select; to pick (out)
recommendation; referral; endorsement
elder sister; effeminate man
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
please (give me); please (do for me)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
tune; tone; vein; mood; condition; state of health
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to use (a brush, chopsticks, etc.); to move
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
hey; yo; hi; come on; hey
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you