Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
suffix for familiar person
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
young bird; chick; fledgling; hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
please (give me); please (do for me)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
older sister; lass; young lady
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to