indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
bad guy; villain; evildoer; scoundrel
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
unrelated; irrelevant; unconcerned; unconnected
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
duty; function; office; mission; task
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
protection; safeguard; guardianship; preservation; conservation
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
resistance; opposition; reluctance; repulsion; resistance; drag
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
detailed; full; minute; knowing very well; knowledgeable (about); well-acquainted (with)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
accompanying; travelling together; traveling together; same bank
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
body; group; party; company; troupe
league; federation; union; alliance
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to entrust (e.g. a task) to another; to leave to; to passively leave to someone else's facilities; to leave to take its natural course; to continue (something) in a natural fashion (without particular aim); to rely fully on one's (full strength, great ability, long time taken) to get something done
fat; thick; deep (of a voice); thick; daring; shameless
(logical) true; regular; 10^40; ten thousand undecillion; original; positive
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat