indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
another meeting; meeting again; reunion
captive; prisoner; victim (of love, etc.); slave (to one's lust, etc.)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
all present; all concerned; all of us
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
illness; disease; bad habit; weakness; fault
deep sea; depths of the sea; ocean depths
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; content; substance
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
a balanced diet leads to a healthy body; healthy food both prevents and cures sickness
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
toe; toe (of a golf club)
Island; insula; island; islet
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
to join forces; to cooperate
fierce animal; beast of prey; big game
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
splendid; magnificent; utter (esp. defeat); total; (arch.) something worth seeing; (arch.) sight
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
to get better; to get well; to recover (from an illness); to be cured; to be restored; to heal
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?