this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
incredible; unbelievable; terrific; impressive
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
trembling; getting nervous; excited; thrilled
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
adventure; venture; venture which is unlikely to succeed; risky attempt; danger
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
god (esp. the Christian God)
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to challenge (a person) to a fight
life or death struggle; mortal combat; struggle to the death
end; tip; end (of the year, month, etc.); close; youngest child; descendants; offspring
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
fall; drop; descent; coming down
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
with trouble; at great pains; rare; valuable; kind; generous
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to cut down; to slay; to truncate; to round down; to omit; to discard