yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
understood; I see; OK; present; here
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
rest; break; recess; intermission
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold between (e.g. one's fingers, chopsticks); to grip (from both sides); to put between; to sandwich between; to catch (e.g. a finger in a door); to trap; to insert (e.g. a break into proceedings)
while; during; while; although; all; both
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
each time; every time; whenever (something happens); on the occasion of
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
engine; agency; organisation; system; facility
chase; pursuit; tracking; following up; tracing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to chase; to run after; to pursue
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
what the?; what's going on?; what's this?
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
by all rights; legally speaking; properly speaking
important; momentous; essential; principal; major
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach