indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Saint; St.; S.; sacred; holy; pure
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
stone (of a fruit); pit; core (of an organization, team, etc.); nucleus; nuclear weapons; nucleus (of an atom); nucleus (of a cell)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
precious orb; Cintamani stone; wish-fulfilling jewel; hōju; uppermost spherical part of a pagoda finial
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to dwell; to live; to stay at; to take shelter at; to be pregnant; to be part of a constellation
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
energy; energy; strength; energy source; energy resource; food energy
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
equality; equal; same rights; same rank; equivalence
to be completed; to be finished; to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat); to be very drunk
substance; real form; main part; main unit; this machine; this appliance; object of worship (at a shrine, temple, etc.)
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
doll; dhole (Cuon alpinus); Indian wild dog
to insert; to include; to incorporate; to cut in (printing)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
worry; fear; anxiety; concern
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
suffix for familiar person