at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go against; to act contrary to; to run counter to; to deviate from
interest (on a loan, deposit, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
speech and behaviour (behavior)
shame; embarrassment; disgrace
cunning deed; sly trick; foul play; cunning person; sly fellow; cheat
willpower; energy; vitality
lack; deficiency; vacancy; absence; non-attendance
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving
resentment; grudge; malice; matter for regret; regret
indolence; laziness; sloth
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
appearance; arrival; make one's appearance
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
military vessel; war fleet
group; bunch; crowd; group
those (near the second person)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
deep sea; depths of the sea; ocean depths
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
naming; giving a name; designation; nominal
class (e.g. school); grade; rank; kyū; kyu; junior rank in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.
superlative; extraordinary; mega; superdreadnought (class of warships)
large; large-sized; large-scale; big
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
variegated; varicoloured; varicolored; multi-coloured; multi-colored; diverse
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
by means of; due to; because of; according to
control of the sea; command of the sea
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only