indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
suffix for familiar person
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
decoy (for hunting); stool; lure; decoy; stool pigeon
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to lure someone; to entice someone
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
dawn; daybreak; event (e.g. "in the event of ..."); occasion; occurrence
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to board; to embark on; to get into (a car); to march into; to enter
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
vacant space; aperture; gap; opening
to take (someone) with one; to bring along; to go with; to be accompanied by
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
way; method; means; resource; course
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state