truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
to launch; to shoot up; (of waves) to dash; to wash up (ashore); to finish (e.g. a theater run, sumo tournament); to close
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
street at night; making a night journey
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
whole (body); full-length (e.g. portrait); systemic
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
dangerous; risky; in danger; in jeopardy; uncertain; unreliable
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
if that's the case ...; if so ...; that being the case ...
railway station; train station; staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan); counter for railway stations and bus stations
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to